异常启动过滤器struts2无法加载配置。怎么了？

Question

我正在写一个SSH（Struts2的，Spring3，Hibernate4）网站学习，但是当我今天跑这个项目，这些错误出现。任何人都帮助我！我无法修复它。 Project code here

Severe: Exception starting filter struts2 
Unable to load configuration. - [unknown location] 
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:493) 
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:74) 
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:57) 
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:277) 
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:258) 
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:382) 
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:103) 
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4650) 
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5306) 
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) 
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1559) 
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1549) 
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) 
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) 
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) 
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) 
Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - [unknown location] 
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:70) 
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.getContainer(Dispatcher.java:967) 
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:435) 
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:479) 
... 15 more 
Caused by: Cannot locate the chosen ObjectFactory implementation: spring - [unknown location] 
at org.apache.struts2.config.AbstractBeanSelectionProvider.alias(AbstractBeanSelectionProvider.java:74) 
at org.apache.struts2.config.AbstractBeanSelectionProvider.alias(AbstractBeanSelectionProvider.java:45) 
at org.apache.struts2.config.DefaultBeanSelectionProvider.register(DefaultBeanSelectionProvider.java:356) 
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:240) 
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67) 
... 18 more 

Answer 1

产生的原因：无法找到所选择的ObjectFactory实现：春天 - [未知地点]

这个实现是struts2-spring-plugin-x.x.x.jar可用。既然你不使用Maven，你必须download，安装，并添加依赖于你的项目的classpath。