Selenium可以与现有浏览器会话进行交互吗？

Question

有谁知道Selenium（WebDriver最好）是否能够在启动Selenium客户端之前通过已经运行的浏览器进行通信并执行操作？

我的意思是如果Selenium能够在不使用Selenium服务器的情况下与浏览器通信（例如可以是手动启动的Internet Explorer）。

Answer 1

这是一个很旧的功能请求：Allow webdriver to attach to a running browser。所以现在不可能。

Answer 2

这是可能的。但是，你必须搞出了一点，有一个代码 你所要做的就是运行独立的服务器和“补丁” RemoteWebDriver

public class CustomRemoteWebDriver : RemoteWebDriver 
{ 
    public static bool newSession; 
    public static string capPath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "TestFiles", "tmp", "sessionCap"); 
    public static string sessiodIdPath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "TestFiles", "tmp", "sessionid"); 

    public CustomRemoteWebDriver(Uri remoteAddress) 
     : base(remoteAddress, new DesiredCapabilities()) 
    { 
    } 

    protected override Response Execute(DriverCommand driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary<string, object> parameters) 
    { 
     if (driverCommandToExecute == DriverCommand.NewSession) 
     { 
      if (!newSession) 
      { 
       var capText = File.ReadAllText(capPath); 
       var sidText = File.ReadAllText(sessiodIdPath); 

       var cap = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<string, object>>(capText); 
       return new Response 
       { 
        SessionId = sidText, 
        Value = cap 
       }; 
      } 
      else 
      { 
       var response = base.Execute(driverCommandToExecute, parameters); 
       var dictionary = (Dictionary<string, object>) response.Value; 
       File.WriteAllText(capPath, JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dictionary)); 
       File.WriteAllText(sessiodIdPath, response.SessionId); 
       return response; 
      } 
     } 
     else 
     { 
      var response = base.Execute(driverCommandToExecute, parameters); 
      return response; 
     } 
    } 
} 

Answer 3

我使用Rails +黄瓜+硒的webdriver + PhantomJS，而且我一直使用Selenium Webdriver的猴子补丁版本，它可以在测试运行之间保持PhantomJS浏览器的打开状态。看到这个博客帖子：http://blog.sharetribe.com/2014/04/07/faster-cucumber-startup-keep-phantomjs-browser-open-between-tests/

另见我回答这个帖子：How do I execute a command on already opened browser from a ruby file

Answer 4

这是很容易使用JavaScript selenium-webdriver客户端：

首先，确保你有一个webdriver的服务器上运行。例如，download ChromeDriver，然后运行chromedriver --port=9515。

其次，创建驱动程序like this：

var driver = new webdriver.Builder() 
    .withCapabilities(webdriver.Capabilities.chrome()) 
    .usingServer('http://localhost:9515') // <- this 
    .build(); 

这里有一个完整的例子：

VAR的webdriver =需要（ '硒的webdriver'）;

var driver = new webdriver.Builder() 
    .withCapabilities(webdriver.Capabilities.chrome()) 
    .usingServer('http://localhost:9515') 
    .build(); 

driver.get('http://www.google.com'); 
driver.findElement(webdriver.By.name('q')).sendKeys('webdriver'); 
driver.findElement(webdriver.By.name('btnG')).click(); 
driver.getTitle().then(function(title) { 
    console.log(title); 
}); 

driver.quit(); 

Answer 5

这是一个重复的答案 **重新在Python硒司机**这是适用于所有驱动程序和Java API的。

1. 打开驾驶员

   driver = webdriver.Firefox() #python 
   

2. 提取物以SESSION_ID和_url来自驱动器的对象。

   url = driver.command_executor._url  #"http://127.0.0.1:60622/hub" 
   session_id = driver.session_id   #'4e167f26-dc1d-4f51-a207-f761eaf73c31' 
   

3. 使用这两个参数连接到您的驱动程序。

   driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor=url,desired_capabilities={}) 
   driver.session_id = session_id 
   

   然后您又连接到您的驱动程序。

   driver.get("http://www.mrsmart.in") 
   

Answer 6

所有的解决方案至今都缺乏的某些功能。 这里是我的解决方案：

public class AttachedWebDriver extends RemoteWebDriver { 

    public AttachedWebDriver(URL url, String sessionId) { 
     super(); 
     setSessionId(sessionId); 
     setCommandExecutor(new HttpCommandExecutor(url) { 
      @Override 
      public Response execute(Command command) throws IOException { 
       if (command.getName() != "newSession") { 
        return super.execute(command); 
       } 
       return super.execute(new Command(getSessionId(), "getCapabilities")); 
      } 
     }); 
     startSession(new DesiredCapabilities()); 
    } 
} 

Answer 7

JavaScript解决方案：

使用此功能

webdriver.WebDriver.attachToSession(executor, session_id); 

文档可以发现here我已经成功地连接到现有的浏览器会话。

Answer 8

我在python中得到了一个解决方案，我修改了我发现的基于PersistenBrowser类的webdriver类。

https://github.com/axelPalmerin/personal/commit/fabddb38a39f378aa113b0cb8d33391d5f91dca5

取代的webdriver模块/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py

EJ。使用：

from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities 

runDriver = sys.argv[1] 
sessionId = sys.argv[2] 

def setBrowser(): 
    if eval(runDriver): 
     webdriver = w.Remote(command_executor='http://localhost:4444/wd/hub', 
        desired_capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.CHROME, 
        ) 
    else: 
     webdriver = w.Remote(command_executor='http://localhost:4444/wd/hub', 
          desired_capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.CHROME, 
          session_id=sessionId) 

    url = webdriver.command_executor._url 
    session_id = webdriver.session_id 
    print url 
    print session_id 
    return webdriver 

Answer 9

受Eric的回答启发，这里是我对selenium 3.7.0的这个问题的解决方案。与http://tarunlalwani.com/post/reusing-existing-browser-session-selenium/的解决方案相比，优点是每次连接到现有会话时都不会有空白的浏览器窗口。

import warnings 

from selenium.common.exceptions import WebDriverException 
from selenium.webdriver.remote.errorhandler import ErrorHandler 
from selenium.webdriver.remote.file_detector import LocalFileDetector 
from selenium.webdriver.remote.mobile import Mobile 
from selenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection import RemoteConnection 
from selenium.webdriver.remote.switch_to import SwitchTo 
from selenium.webdriver.remote.webdriver import WebDriver 


# This webdriver can directly attach to an existing session. 
class AttachableWebDriver(WebDriver): 
    def __init__(self, command_executor='http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub', 
       desired_capabilities=None, browser_profile=None, proxy=None, 
       keep_alive=False, file_detector=None, session_id=None): 
     """ 
     Create a new driver that will issue commands using the wire protocol. 

     :Args: 
     - command_executor - Either a string representing URL of the remote server or a custom 
      remote_connection.RemoteConnection object. Defaults to 'http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub'. 
     - desired_capabilities - A dictionary of capabilities to request when 
      starting the browser session. Required parameter. 
     - browser_profile - A selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_profile.FirefoxProfile object. 
      Only used if Firefox is requested. Optional. 
     - proxy - A selenium.webdriver.common.proxy.Proxy object. The browser session will 
      be started with given proxy settings, if possible. Optional. 
     - keep_alive - Whether to configure remote_connection.RemoteConnection to use 
      HTTP keep-alive. Defaults to False. 
     - file_detector - Pass custom file detector object during instantiation. If None, 
      then default LocalFileDetector() will be used. 
     """ 
     if desired_capabilities is None: 
      raise WebDriverException("Desired Capabilities can't be None") 
     if not isinstance(desired_capabilities, dict): 
      raise WebDriverException("Desired Capabilities must be a dictionary") 
     if proxy is not None: 
      warnings.warn("Please use FirefoxOptions to set proxy", 
          DeprecationWarning) 
      proxy.add_to_capabilities(desired_capabilities) 
     self.command_executor = command_executor 
     if type(self.command_executor) is bytes or isinstance(self.command_executor, str): 
      self.command_executor = RemoteConnection(command_executor, keep_alive=keep_alive) 

     self.command_executor._commands['GET_SESSION'] = ('GET', '/session/$sessionId') # added 

     self._is_remote = True 
     self.session_id = session_id # added 
     self.capabilities = {} 
     self.error_handler = ErrorHandler() 
     self.start_client() 
     if browser_profile is not None: 
      warnings.warn("Please use FirefoxOptions to set browser profile", 
          DeprecationWarning) 

     if session_id: 
      self.connect_to_session(desired_capabilities) # added 
     else: 
      self.start_session(desired_capabilities, browser_profile) 

     self._switch_to = SwitchTo(self) 
     self._mobile = Mobile(self) 
     self.file_detector = file_detector or LocalFileDetector() 

     self.w3c = True # added hardcoded 

    def connect_to_session(self, desired_capabilities): 
     response = self.execute('GET_SESSION', { 
      'desiredCapabilities': desired_capabilities, 
      'sessionId': self.session_id, 
     }) 
     # self.session_id = response['sessionId'] 
     self.capabilities = response['value'] 

要使用它：

if use_existing_session: 
    browser = AttachableWebDriver(command_executor=('http://%s:4444/wd/hub' % ip), 
            desired_capabilities=(DesiredCapabilities.INTERNETEXPLORER), 
            session_id=session_id) 
    self.logger.info("Using existing browser with session id {}".format(session_id)) 
else: 
    browser = AttachableWebDriver(command_executor=('http://%s:4444/wd/hub' % ip), 
            desired_capabilities=(DesiredCapabilities.INTERNETEXPLORER)) 
    self.logger.info('New session_id : {}'.format(browser.session_id)) 

Answer 10

这个片段成功地允许重新使用现有的浏览器实例但避免提高重复浏览器。发现在Tarun Lalwani的博客。

from selenium import webdriver 
from selenium.webdriver.remote.webdriver import WebDriver 

# executor_url = driver.command_executor._url 
# session_id = driver.session_id 

def attach_to_session(executor_url, session_id): 
    original_execute = WebDriver.execute 
    def new_command_execute(self, command, params=None): 
     if command == "newSession": 
      # Mock the response 
      return {'success': 0, 'value': None, 'sessionId': session_id} 
     else: 
      return original_execute(self, command, params) 
    # Patch the function before creating the driver object 
    WebDriver.execute = new_command_execute 
    driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor=executor_url, desired_capabilities={}) 
    driver.session_id = session_id 
    # Replace the patched function with original function 
    WebDriver.execute = original_execute 
    return driver 

bro = attach_to_session('http://127.0.0.1:64092', '8de24f3bfbec01ba0d82a7946df1d1c3') 
bro.get('http://ya.ru/')