我如何修复Heroku/Ruby上检测到的“自动加载常量时检测到循环依赖”错误

Question

我在部署后发现Heroku出现此错误，但我没有收到错误或本地遇到问题。

下面的命名/命名空间等有什么问题？我错过了什么？

型号/顾虑/采购/ finalize_utils.rb

module Purchase::FinalizeUtils 
    extend ActiveSupport::Concern 
end 

型号/ purchase.rb

class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base 
    include FinalizeUtils 
end 

日志错误：

2017-01-26T22:39:25.553902+00:00 app[web.1]: RuntimeError: Circular dependency detected while autoloading constant Purchase::FinalizeUtils 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553903+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:492:in `load_missing_constant' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553903+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `const_missing' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553904+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/purchase.rb:19:in `<class:Purchase>' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553904+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/purchase.rb:16:in `<top (required)>' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553905+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553906+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553906+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:360:in `require_or_load' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:494:in `load_missing_constant' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553908+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `const_missing' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/concerns/purchase/finalize_utils.rb:1:in `<top (required)>' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:360:in `require_or_load' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553911+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:317:in `depend_on' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:472:in `block (2 levels) in eager_load!' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553911+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:233:in `require_dependency' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:471:in `each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:471:in `block in eager_load!' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553913+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:469:in `each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553913+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:469:in `eager_load!' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:346:in `eager_load!' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `block in <module:Finisher>' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553916+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:228:in `block in tsort_each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553916+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:431:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:349:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `call' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each_strongly_connected_component' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:226:in `tsort_each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553919+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553921+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553921+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553922+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/config/environment.rb:11:in `<top (required)>' 

Answer 1

对于什么是它的价值与未来的人这个问题，我发现我的问题是事物的组合。

原因之一，这是功能不同，如果生产和发展是此设置的原因：

config.eager_load 

它不是没有失败的类似的“设置”的原因（即用户:: MyModule的）似乎与处理eager_loading文件的顺序有关。

问题在于，问题似乎是有时会在模型之前加载，有时候是相反的。这两个版本都有问题，因为类购买不被视为同一类（因为一类是子类，一类不是），并且没有正确重新打开。

所以我需要改变这样的：

module Purchase::FinalizeUtils 
    extend ActiveSupport::Concern 
end 

这样：

#models/concerns/purchase/finalize_utils.rb 
class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base 
    module FinalizeUtils 
    extend ActiveSupport::Concern 
    end 
    end 
end 

这允许类采购重新打开，而不是重新定义。或类似的东西。无论哪种方式，上述方法可以让我命名空间我关注的，包括这样的：

#models/purchase.rb 
class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base 
    include FinalizeUtils 
end 

该文件的名称不是通过延迟加载找到，但由于该模块是在课堂上，查找路径中找到它。