电源故障和mysql崩溃

Question

我一直在InnoDb引擎中使用MySql一段时间，并对性能非常满意。我有10张桌子，每秒更新两次。最近我停电了，并且没有将innodb_force_recovery设置为至少4而无法重新启动数据库。但是，当试图修复损坏的表时，数据库将再次崩溃。我尝试过优化，检查，分析等，但都导致崩溃。 错误日志包含如下消息：

InnoDB：错误：第570页日志序列号7289495 InnoDB：未来！当前系统日志序列号为5574939.

最终我设法在删除与特定表相关的所有文件后，通过mysqldump（使用innodb_force_recovery为6）转储数据库。然后我重新安装了xampp并重新加载了转储。这让我重新开始运行，只丢了一张桌子。

我的问题是，如何一个腐败的表导致整个数据库崩溃？

有没有办法将这种情况再次发生的风险降至最低？某种配置可以增强对电源故障的稳健性？ 我知道显而易见的答案是将复制备份数据库保存在单独的服务器上，但仅处于开发的测试阶段，看起来像是过度杀毒。

这是我正在使用的配置文件。

# Example MySQL config file for small systems. 
# 
# This is for a system with little memory (<= 64M) where MySQL is only used 
# from time to time and it's important that the mysqld daemon 
# doesn't use much resources. 
# 
# You can copy this file to 
# C:/xampp2/mysql/bin/my.cnf to set global options, 
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this 
# installation this directory is C:/xampp2/mysql/data) or 
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options. 
# 
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. 
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program 
# with the "--help" option. 

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients 
[client] 
# password  = your_password 
port   = 3306 
socket   = "C:/xampp2/mysql/mysql.sock" 


# Here follows entries for some specific programs 

# The MySQL server 
[mysqld] 
port= 3306 
socket = "C:/xampp2/mysql/mysql.sock" 
basedir = "C:/xampp2/mysql" 
tmpdir = "C:/xampp2/tmp" 
datadir = "C:/xampp2/mysql/data" 
pid_file = "mysql.pid" 
# enable-named-pipe 
key_buffer = 16M 
max_allowed_packet = 1G 
sort_buffer_size = 512K 
net_buffer_length = 8K 
read_buffer_size = 256K 
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K 
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M 
log_error = "mysql_error.log" 

# Change here for bind listening 
# bind-address="127.0.0.1" 
# bind-address = ::1   # for ipv6 

# Where do all the plugins live 
plugin_dir = "C:/xampp2/mysql/lib/plugin/" 

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, 
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. 
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. 
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows 
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! 
# 
# commented in by lampp security 
#skip-networking 
#skip-federated 

# Replication Master Server (default) 
# binary logging is required for replication 
# log-bin deactivated by default since XAMPP 1.4.11 
#log-bin=mysql-bin 

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set 
# but will not function as a master if omitted 
server-id = 1 

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) 
# 
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between 
# two methods : 
# 
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - 
# the syntax is: 
# 
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>, 
# MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ; 
# 
# where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and 
# <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default). 
# 
# Example: 
# 
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, 
# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; 
# 
# OR 
# 
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then 
# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example 
# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to 
# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later 
# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and 
# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown 
# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. 
# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched 
# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) 
# 
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 
# (and different from the master) 
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set 
# but will not function as a slave if omitted 
#server-id  = 2 
# 
# The replication master for this slave - required 
#master-host  = <hostname> 
# 
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting 
# to the master - required 
#master-user  = <username> 
# 
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to 
# the master - required 
#master-password = <password> 
# 
# The port the master is listening on. 
# optional - defaults to 3306 
#master-port  = <port> 
# 
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended 
#log-bin=mysql-bin 


# Point the following paths to different dedicated disks 
#tmpdir = "C:/xampp2/tmp" 
#log-update = /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname 

# Uncomment the following if you are using BDB tables 
#bdb_cache_size = 4M 
#bdb_max_lock = 10000 

# Comment the following if you are using InnoDB tables 
#skip-innodb 
innodb_data_home_dir = "C:/xampp2/mysql/data" 
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend 
innodb_log_group_home_dir = "C:/xampp2/mysql/data" 
#innodb_log_arch_dir = "C:/xampp2/mysql/data" 
## You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % 
## of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high 
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G 
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M 
## Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size 
innodb_log_file_size = 50M 
innodb_log_buffer_size = 20M 
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 4 

## UTF 8 Settings 
#init-connect=\'SET NAMES utf8\' 
#collation_server=utf8_unicode_ci 
#character_set_server=utf8 
#skip-character-set-client-handshake 
#character_sets-dir="C:/xampp2/mysql/share/charsets" 

[mysqldump] 
quick 
max_allowed_packet = 16M 

[mysql] 
no-auto-rehash 
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL 
#safe-updates 

[isamchk] 
key_buffer = 20M 
sort_buffer_size = 20M 
read_buffer = 2M 
write_buffer = 2M 

[myisamchk] 
key_buffer = 20M 
sort_buffer_size = 20M 
read_buffer = 2M 
write_buffer = 2M 

[mysqlhotcopy] 
interactive-timeout 

Answer 1

InnoDB在数据一致性方面非常保守。如果它捕捉到任何意想不到的错误（校验和错误，头文件值，任何事情），它都会故意崩溃，以免损坏数据。

如何“尽量减少再次发生这种风险”？

最好是保持安全的默认值innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit, doublewrite等。互联网充满了“如何让MySQL更快”的粗心建议，但它带有价格，你知道。