将多个C库链接到C创建可执行文件

我想创建一个C可执行文件，它依赖于多个C静态库。我有两个库： ../libs/libsulibs.a和../ppm_client/libppm_client.a。 libppm_client.a调用的libsulibs.a将多个C库链接到C创建可执行文件

以下一些功能是我的Makefile

../libs/Makefile

LIBS=-lpthread 
CC=gcc 
CFLAGS=-Wall -g 
INCLUDES=-I . 
OBJ=WheelTimer.o threadApi.o LinkedListApi.o 
TARGET=libsulibs.a 
${TARGET}:$(OBJ) 
    ar rs ${TARGET} $(OBJ) 
%.o:%.c 
    ${CC} ${CFLAGS} -c ${INCLUDES} $< 
clean: 
    rm *.o 
    rm ${TARGET}

我通过这个makefile文件成功创建libsulibs.a

../ppm_client/Makefile

CC=gcc 
CFLAGS=-Wall -g 
INCLUDES=-I . -I ../libs -I ../ppm 
OBJ=ppm_pkt_enums.o ppm_client.o ppm_client_sock.o 
TARGET=libppm_client.a 
${TARGET}:$(OBJ) 
    ar rs ${TARGET} ${OBJ} 
ppm_pkt_enums.o:ppm_pkt_enums.c 
    gcc -g -c ${INCLUDES} ppm_pkt_enums.c -o ppm_pkt_enums.o 
ppm_client.o:ppm_client.c 
    gcc -g -c ${INCLUDES} ppm_client.c -o ppm_client.o 
ppm_client_sock.o:ppm_client_sock.c 
    gcc -g -c ${INCLUDES} ppm_client_sock.c -o ppm_client_sock.o 
clean: 
    rm *.o 
    rm ${TARGET}

此生成文件太成功创建libppm_client.a。

现在，在当前目录下，我有主Makefile中创建可执行

CC=gcc 
CFLAGS=-g -Wall 
STANDARD_LIBS=-lpthread 
PPM_OBJ=ppm.o ppm_main.o 
LIBS_OBJ=libs/LinkedListApi.o libs/threadApi.o libs/WheelTimer.o 
PPM_LIBS=../libs/libsulibs.a 
PPM_CLIENT_LIBS=../ppm_client/libppm_client.a 
INCLUDES=-I . -I ../libs -I ../ppm_client 
TARGET:exe ${PPM_LIBS} ${PPM_CLIENT_LIBS} 

ppm.o:ppm.c 
    gcc -g -c ${INCLUDES} ppm.c -o ppm.o 
ppm_main.o:ppm_main.c 
    gcc -g -c ${INCLUDES} ppm_main.c -o ppm_main.o 

${PPM_LIBS}: 
    (cd ../libs; make) 
${PPM_CLIENT_LIBS}: 
    (cd ../ppm_client; make) 
exe:${PPM_LIBS} ${PPM_OBJ} ${STANDARD_LIBS} ${PPM_CLIENT_LIBS} 
    ${CC} ${CFLAGS} ${PPM_OBJ} -o exe -L ../libs -lsulibs -L ../ppm_client -lppm_client ${STANDARD_LIBS} 
clean: 
    rm *.o 
    (cd ../libs; make clean) 
    (cd ../ppm_client; make clean) 
    rm exe

但是当我运行make，它与错误结束：undefined reference to pthread_init。 pthread_init是在libsulibs.a中定义的函数，它依赖于标准pthread库。

[email protected]:~/Documents/PeriodicPacketManager/ppm$ make 
(cd ../libs; make) 
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/vm/Documents/PeriodicPacketManager/libs' 
gcc -Wall -g -c -I . WheelTimer.c 
gcc -Wall -g -c -I . threadApi.c 
gcc -Wall -g -c -I . LinkedListApi.c 
ar rs libsulibs.a WheelTimer.o threadApi.o LinkedListApi.o 
ar: creating libsulibs.a 
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/vm/Documents/PeriodicPacketManager/libs' 
gcc -g -c -I . -I ../libs -I ../ppm_client ppm.c -o ppm.o 
gcc -g -c -I . -I ../libs -I ../ppm_client ppm_main.c -o ppm_main.o 
(cd ../ppm_client; make) 
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/vm/Documents/PeriodicPacketManager/ppm_client' 
gcc -g -c -I . -I ../libs -I ../ppm ppm_pkt_enums.c -o ppm_pkt_enums.o 
gcc -g -c -I . -I ../libs -I ../ppm ppm_client.c -o ppm_client.o 
gcc -g -c -I . -I ../libs -I ../ppm ppm_client_sock.c -o ppm_client_sock.o 
ar rs libppm_client.a ppm_pkt_enums.o ppm_client.o ppm_client_sock.o 
ar: creating libppm_client.a 
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/vm/Documents/PeriodicPacketManager/ppm_client' 
gcc -g -Wall ppm.o ppm_main.o -o exe -L ../libs -lsulibs -L ../ppm_client -lppm_client -lpthread 
../ppm_client/libppm_client.a(ppm_client_sock.o): In function `ppm_client_init_socket': 
/home/vm/Documents/PeriodicPacketManager/ppm_client/ppm_client_sock.c:138: undefined reference to `pthread_init' 
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status 
make: *** [exe] Error 1

请帮助我在这里错过什么。

来源

2017-07-15 Abhishek Sagar

用'-lpthread'链接也 – dlmeetei

$ {STANDARD_LIBS}只有-lpthread。 –

移动前面部分中的$ {STANDARD_LIBS}是否有帮助？ – dlmeetei

哇！

@Antti Haapalam

更改工作的库的顺序。

${CC} ${CFLAGS} ${PPM_OBJ} -o exe -L ../libs -lsulibs -L ../ppm_client -lppm_client ${STANDARD_LIBS}

要：

${CC} ${CFLAGS} ${PPM_OBJ} -o exe -L ../ppm_client -lppm_client -L ../libs -lsulibs ${STANDARD_LIBS}

任何人都可以发表意见的理由

在主Makefile中，我从顺序改变了？

来源

2017-07-15 08:42:18

我想，顺序是，首先指定依赖库，然后再独立一个。在我的情况。 libppm_client.a依赖于依赖于pthread标准库的libsulibs.a。 –

将多个C库链接到C创建可执行文件

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