如何使用正确的列名将文本分隔为列

Question

我试图使用tidyr :: separate（）将一些免费（假的）文本分隔为不同的列。

输入：

structure(list(PathReportWhole = c("SP-37-2784518\nHospital: Random NHS Foundation Trust\nHospital Number: J6044658\nPatient Name: Jargon, Victoria\nDOB: 1943-10-13\nGeneral Practitioner: Dr. Martin, Marche\nDate received: 2009-11-11\nClinical Details: Ongoing antral gastritis despite treatment with PPI,Reflux sx.,High dyshagia OGD - fundic gastritis.,Chronic diarrhoea/colonic biopsies,Currently on steriod for IgG4 disease.,Food bolus obstruction.\n4 specimen. Nature of specimen: Nature of specimen as stated on pot = 'proximal body lesser curve polyps x4 ',Specimen A- Nature of specimen as stated on request form = 'GREATER CURVE ',Nature of specimen as stated on request form = 'Gastric polyp '\nMacroscopic description: 3 specimens collected the largest measuring 3 x 2 x 1 mm and the smallest 2 x 1 x 5 mm\nHistology: Two biopsies consist of small bowel mucosa and are within normal histological limits.\nDiagnosis: Distal transverse colon polyp excision:- tubular adenoma, low grade dysplasia.,Ileo-caecal valve, biopsies:.,Stomach antrum biopsies:- normal mucosa.,- Up to 34 eosinophils per high power field,Stomach, biopsy - Mild chronic inflammation.", 
"SP-50-4495875\nHospital: Random NHS Foundation Trust\nHospital Number: Y6417773\nPatient Name: Powell, Destiny\nDOB: 1946-12-29\nGeneral Practitioner: Dr. al-Safi, Lutfiyya\nDate received: 2008-06-15\nClinical Details: Quadrantic biopsies were taken at.,OGD - only 3cm sliding hiatus.\n7 specimen. Nature of specimen: Nature of specimen as stated on pot = 'RECTAL POLYPS X3 ',Nature of specimen as stated on pot = 'fundus polyps x4 ',Nature of specimen as stated on request form = 'DUODENAL BX ',Nature of specimen as stated on pot = 'Papilloma at 36 cm oesophagus ',a) Nature of specimen as stated on request form = 'D2 bx x 2' ,Nature of specimen as stated on pot = 'Oesophagus 26 cm '\nMacroscopic description: 4 specimens collected the largest measuring 4 x 4 x 4 mm and the smallest 5 x 3 x 1 mm\nHistology: modified giemsa stain.,These are biopsies of gastric mucosa ,There is no evidence of coeliac disease.,The nuclei are hyperchromatic,.,There is no granulomatous inflammation.,The appearances are in keeping with a reactive/chemical gastritis,features including basal layer hyperplasia and reactive nucelar changes with underlying.,These are two biopsies of squamous epithelium within normal limits,fibromuscularisation of the lamina propria and mild chronic inflammation.,These biopsies of columnar mucosa show focal acute inflammation, moderate chronic inflammation.\nDiagnosis: Rectum, polyp biopsy: - Tubular adenoma with mild dysplasia,- Raised intra-epithelial lymphocytes ,Duodenum, biopsies - within normal histological limits.,B GI biopsy - DISTAL OESOPHAGUS X2, MID OESO X3, PROX OESO X2.,Oesophagus, biopsies : - Minimal chronic inflammation,Sigmoid colon, polypectomy: - Tubular adenoma with moderate dysplasia,Oesophagus polyps biopsies:- 2 x papillomas.,Duodenum biopsies:- normal." 
)), .Names = "PathReportWhole", row.names = 1:2, class = "data.frame") 

目前，我使用的分隔符的特征向量如下：

mywords<-c("Hospital Number","Patient Name:","DOB:","General Practitioner:",+ "Date received:","Clinical Details:","Macroscopic description:","Histology:","Diagnosis:") 

然后是功能如下（在自定义函数中使用，因为最终我将单独整理某些列）：

Extractor2 <- function(dataframeIn, Column, delim) { 
    Column <- rlang::sym(Column) 
    dataframeIn <- data.frame(dataframeIn) 
    dataframeIn<-dataframeIn %>% tidyr::separate(!!Column, into = delim, 
              sep = paste(delim, collapse = "|")) 
    return(dataframeIn) 
} 

Extractor2(Mypath,"PathReportWhole",mywords) 

输出：

'data.frame': 2 obs. of 18 variables: 
$ Hospital Number   : chr "SP-37-2784518\nHospital: Random NHS Foundation Trust\n" "SP-50-4495875\nHospital: Random NHS Foundation Trust\n" 
$ Patient Name:   : chr ": J6044658\n" ": Y6417773\n" 
$ DOB:     : chr " Jargon, Victoria\n" " Powell, Destiny\n" 
$ General Practitioner: : chr " 1943-10-13\n" " 1946-12-29\n" 
$ Date received:   : chr " Dr. Martin, Marche\n" " Dr. al-Safi, Lutfiyya\n" 
$ Clinical Details:  : chr " 2009-11-11\n" " 2008-06-15\n" 
$ Macroscopic description:: chr " Ongoing antral gastritis despite treatment with PPI,Reflux sx.,High dyshagia OGD - fundic gastritis.,Chronic "| __truncated__ " Quadrantic biopsies were taken at.,OGD - only 3cm sliding hiatus.\n7 specimen. Nature of specimen: Nature of"| __truncated__ 
$ Histology:    : chr " 3 specimens collected the largest measuring 3 x 2 x 1 mm and the smallest 2 x 1 x 5 mm\n" " 4 specimens collected the largest measuring 4 x 4 x 4 mm and the smallest 5 x 3 x 1 mm\n" 
$ Diagnosis:    : chr " Two biopsies consist of small bowel mucosa and are within normal histological limits.\n" " modified giemsa stain.,These are biopsies of gastric mucosa ,There is no evidence of coeliac disease.,The nuc"| __truncated__ 
$ HospitalNumber   : chr " J6044658\n" " Y6417773\n" 
$ PatientName    : chr " Jargon, Victoria\n" " Powell, Destiny\n" 
$ DOB      : chr " 1943-10-13\n" " 1946-12-29\n" 
$ GeneralPractitioner  : chr " Dr\n Martin, Marche\n" " Dr\n al-Safi, Lutfiyya\n" 
$ Dateofprocedure   : Date, format: "2009-11-11" "2008-06-15" 
$ ClinicalDetails   : chr " Ongoing antral gastritis despite treatment with PPI,Reflux sx\n,High dyshagia OGD - fundic gastritis\n,Chroni"| __truncated__ " Quadrantic biopsies were taken at\n,OGD - only 3cm sliding hiatus\n\n7 specimen\n Nature of specimen: Nature"| __truncated__ 
$ Macroscopicdescription : chr " 3 specimens collected the largest measuring 3 x 2 x 1 mm and the smallest 2 x 1 x 5 mm\n" " 4 specimens collected the largest measuring 4 x 4 x 4 mm and the smallest 5 x 3 x 1 mm\n" 
$ Histology    : chr " Two biopsies consist of small bowel mucosa and are within normal histological limits\n\n" " modified giemsa stain\n,These are biopsies of gastric mucosa ,There is no evidence of coeliac disease\n,The n"| __truncated__ 
$ Diagnosis    : chr " Distal transverse colon polyp excision:- tubular adenoma, low grade dysplasia\n,Ileo-caecal valve, biopsies:\"| __truncated__ " Rectum, polyp biopsy: - Tubular adenoma with mild dysplasia,- Raised intra-epithelial lymphocytes ,Duodenum, "| __truncated__ 
NULL 

问题：

的问题是，列似乎是由一个被移位，使得下Patient Name:数据例如应该在Hospital Number和之下根据Patient Name:等。我想这是因为列名是以'停止'分隔符命名的。我怎样才能改变这一点，而不必添加一些引用移动列名的乱码？

Answer 1

我认为在列中添加一个空列名可能会起作用？

Extractor2 <- function(dataframeIn, Column, delim) { 
    Column <- rlang::sym(Column) 
    dataframeIn <- data.frame(dataframeIn) 
    dataframeIn<-dataframeIn %>% tidyr::separate(!!Column, into = c("added_name",delim), 
     sep = paste(delim, collapse = "|")) 
    return(dataframeIn) 
} 

这将返回

'data.frame': 2 obs. of 10 variables: 
$ added_name    : chr "FdSP-37-2784518\nHospital: Random NHS Foundation Trust\n" "SP-50-4495875\nHospital: Random NHS Foundation Trust\n" 
$ Hospital Number   : chr ": J6044658\n" ": Y6417773\n" 
$ Patient Name:   : chr " Jargon, Victoria\n" " Powell, Destiny\n" 
$ DOB:     : chr " 1943-10-13\n" " 1946-12-29\n" 
$ General Practitioner: : chr " Dr. Martin, Marche\n" " Dr. al-Safi, Lutfiyya\n" 
$ Date received:   : chr " 2009-11-11\n" " 2008-06-15\n" 
$ Clinical Details:  : chr " Ongoing antral gastritis despite treatment with PPI,Reflux sx.,High dyshagia OGD - fundic gastritis.,Chronic "| __truncated__ " Quadrantic biopsies were taken at.,OGD - only 3cm sliding hiatus.\n7 specimen. Nature of specimen: Nature of"| __truncated__ 
$ Macroscopic description:: chr " 3 specimens collected the largest measuring 3 x 2 x 1 mm and the smallest 2 x 1 x 5 mm\n" " 4 specimens collected the largest measuring 4 x 4 x 4 mm and the smallest 5 x 3 x 1 mm\n" 
$ Histology:    : chr " Two biopsies consist of small bowel mucosa and are within normal histological limits.\n" " modified giemsa stain.,These are biopsies of gastric mucosa ,There is no evidence of coeliac disease.,The nuc"| __truncated__ 
$ Diagnosis:    : chr " Distal transverse colon polyp excision:- tubular adenoma, low grade dysplasia.,Ileo-caecal valve, biopsies:.,"| __truncated__ " Rectum, polyp biopsy: - Tubular adenoma with mild dysplasia,- Raised intra-epithelial lymphocytes ,Duodenum, "| __truncated__